Arjuna said: O Lord, what are the characteristics of a person, which make him transcend these three guṇas? How does he behave, and by what pursuit does he rise above these three guṇas?
Arjuna is sensitive enough to raise a pertinent question here, like what he did in the 2nd chapter (2.54) on hearing Krishna declare when a seeker attains yoga (2.53). Then Arjuna enquired about sthita-prajna and sthita-dhee, which led to a very subtle discussion in spiritual exposition. Krishna’s reply there marks a very special portion in the Gita dialogue.
Here too Arjuna comes up with such a relevant question. He seeks to know what are the characteristics of a person who transcends the bondages created by the three gunas, and by what means and practices, can one rise above the hold of the three gunas. He wants Krishna to detail these special features and practices. Is there any special discipline to be observed or insights to be gained and pursued for the purpose? Despite Prakrti exercising its guna-effects, how can one become free?